Several nutrition-related exposures have established relationships with cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, but many etiologic questions remain. Using a combination of randomized clinical trials, very large cohort studies and case-control studies, we are pursuing promising leads into nutritional and genetic causes of gastrointestinal cancers. Our research includes studies of both cancer and precursor lesions – including esophageal squamous dysplasia, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, and incident and recurrent colorectal adenomas.

Upper gastrointestinal cancers continue to be a major focus of NEB research. Work includes studies of Barrett’s Esophagus, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and esophageal adenocarcinoma, especially in high-risk populations. We consider a range of risk factors for UGI cancers, including oral bacteria, gastric atrophy, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, acetaldehyde, and new viruses. We work toward development of clinically useful techniques for the early detection and treatment of esophageal and gastric cancers. We also support an Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Working Group, whose goal is to foster the exchange of ideas and expertise on UGI cancers among investigators from DCEG, NCI, and the extramural community.

Other major work investigations of GI cancers include studies of colorectal, pancreatic, and liver cancer. These studies typically combine assessments of dietary, lifestyle, genetic and other risk factors. Many include molecular epidemiology components as well as detailed questionnaire data.