Tumor Genomes Shed Light into Somatic Mutational Processes and Cancer Vulnerabilities - Dr. Nuria Lopez-Bigas
DCEG Events
May 7, 2019 | 3:00 PM – 4:00 PM
DCEG Seminar
Speaker
Nuria Lopez-Bigas, Ph.D.
ICREA Research Professor at the Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) and leader of the Biomedical Genomics Lab
Abstract
Somatic mutations are the driving force of cancer genome evolution. The rate of somatic mutations appears to be greatly variable across the genome due to variations in chromatin organization, DNA accessibility and replication timing. In addition, other variables that influence the mutation rate in a local scale are starting to emerge. I will discuss recent findings from our lab on how DNA-binding proteins, nucleosomes and differences in exons and introns influence mutation rate. These findings have important implications for our understanding of mutational and DNA repair processes, genome evolution and in the identification of cancer driver mutations.
Given the evolutionary principles of cancer, one effective way to identify genomic elements involved in cancer is by tracing the signals left by the positive selection of driver mutations across tumours. We analyze thousands of tumor genomes to identify driver mutations in coding and non-coding regions of the genome. The analysis of tumor cohorts provide valuable information to improve the interpretation of individual variants detected in newly sequenced tumors in clinical or research settings. We have developed Cancer Genome Interpreter, a tool designed to identify driver mutations and biomarkers of drug response in individual tumors.
Host
Maria Teresa Landi, M.D., Ph.D., Senior Investigator, Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI
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