Research Highlights - News Updates
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Study Provides Closer Look at Postmenopausal Bleeding and Endometrial Cancer
In the largest analysis to date looking at the extent to which vaginal bleeding is associated with endometrial cancer in post menopausal women, 90% endometrial cancer patients reported bleeding before diagnosis.
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Novel Susceptibility Loci Identified for Ewing Sarcoma
New genetic susceptibility regions identified for Ewing sarcoma (EWS), a rare pediatric bone tumor for which genetic risk factors were poorly understood.
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Projecting Premature Death Rates for the U.S. Population Through 2030
A new analysis by DCEG investigators and collaborators at the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, projects future premature death rates and the number of excess deaths for the U.S. population aged 25 to 64 by race or ethnicity and sex. Their findings were published online July 20, 2018, in the journal Lancet Public Health.
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Low-dose radiation exposure linked to leukemia in large retrospective study
Using data from nine historical cohort studies, investigators in the Radiation Epidemiology Branch and colleagues from other institutions, led by senior investigator Mark Little, D.Phil., were able to quantify—for the first time—excess risk for leukemia and other myeloid malignancies following low-dose exposure to ionizing radiation in childhood.
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Coffee consumption and mortality risk: A look at the effect of genetic variation in caffeine metabolism in the UK Biobank
Researchers at the National Cancer Institute evaluated the coffee-drinking habits of nearly half a million people, using demographic, lifestyle, and genetic data from the UK Biobank, to determine whether genetic variation in caffeine metabolism affects associations between coffee drinking and mortality risk. The investigators confirmed previous studies showing an inverse association between coffee drinking and mortality during the study period and found similar associations in participants with genetic variants conveying both faster and slower caffeine metabolism.
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Circulating Levels of Vitamin D Associated with Colorectal Cancer Risk
A new international study by scientists from the American Cancer Society, the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, the National Cancer Institute, and more than 20 other medical centers and organizations finds that higher circulating vitamin D concentrations are significantly associated with lower colorectal cancer risk.
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Analgesic Use and Ovarian Cancer Risk: An Analysis in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium
In a new study, DCEG researchers and collaborators analyzed data from 13 studies in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium (OC3) in order to prospectively investigate associations of analgesic use with ovarian cancer risk. They found that women under the age of 70 who use aspirin (or non-aspirin NSAIDS) daily or almost daily for at least six months have a ~10 percent lower risk of developing ovarian cancer than women who use it infrequently or not at all.
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Death Before Old Age: Untangling Premature Mortality in the U.S.
DCEG scientists are spearheading the Premature Mortality Project—an interdisciplinary, multi-institutional effort to characterize U.S. trends in premature mortality. In the process, the team has uncovered distinct mortality trends by race/ethnicity, age, and region, and provided crucial information on the drug overdose epidemic.
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OncoArray Links Dozens of DNA Variants to Risk for Common Cancers
Over the last decade, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have begun to identify common inherited genetic differences, or variants, that influence disease risk. Now, researchers with the NCI-supported GAME-ON initiative and OncoArray Network are on their way to completing the latest round of cutting-edge studies of inherited risk factors.
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Shifting Lung Cancer Burden in the US
Researchers at the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute confirmed that lung cancer incidence among younger non-Hispanic whites and Hispanic whites born since the mid-1960s is higher in women than men.
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Which risk models perform best in selecting ever-smokers for lung cancer screening?
A new analysis by scientists at NCI evaluates nine different individualized lung cancer risk prediction models based on their selections of ever-smokers for computed tomography (CT) lung cancer screening.
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Benign Thyroid Conditions Associated with Increased Risk of Thyroid Cancer Later in Life
In a new study from the National Cancer Institute and Aarhus University Hospital in Denmark, researchers report an association between diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid gland), two benign thyroid conditions, and increased risk of differentiated thyroid cancer.
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Get 150 Minutes Per Week of Moderate Physical Activity: It Doesn’t Matter How
Researchers at the National Cancer Institute have shown that people who engage in more minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity enjoy health benefits (measured here by likelihood of dying during the study period), but it does not matter how those minutes are accumulated.
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Cari Kitahara Explores Medical Radiation Exposures and Thyroid Cancer Etiology
Dr. Cari Kitahara has built a multidisciplinary research program to explore cancer risks from occupational and medical radiation exposures, and to investigate the etiology of radiosensitive tumors, including thyroid cancer.
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Of Microbes and Men: Advancing Epidemiologic Research on the Human Microbiome
DCEG investigators have developed a program to advance epidemiologic research on the microbiome.
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New study describes mortality risk associated with cigarette-, cigar-, or pipe-only use
New research from scientists at the National Cancer Institute and the Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products, provides contemporary estimates of elevated risk of death from cancers known to be associated with tobacco among users of only cigars or pipes, as well as those who smoke only cigarettes.
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Cervical Cancer Screening May Be Less Effective in Obese Women
In a population of 1,000,000 women undergoing state-of-the-art cervical cancer screening, researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) found that overweight and obese women had an increased risk of cervical cancer compared to normal weight women, likely due to less effective cervical cancer screening.
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Detailed Study of Stomach Cancer Incidence Predicts Changes in “Typical” Patient
Noncardia gastric cancer incidence fell by about 2.3% per year in the United States, between 1995 and 2013. This seemingly favorable trend masks the 1.3% yearly increase in rates among Americans younger than 50. Extrapolating these trends, the team predicts higher incidence rates in women in the coming decades, a reversal of the current sex ratio, and an overall increase in noncardia cancer.
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Study finds risk of breast cancer among survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma varies by subtype of breast cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma treatment
In a new study of female survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma, researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) report on the subtypes of breast cancer most likely to develop in this high-risk population.
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Across many health behaviors, long-term oral contraceptive use lowers risk for ovarian and endometrial cancers
DCEG researchers investigated whether the relationship between oral contraceptive use and risks for ovarian, endometrial, breast, and colorectal cancers change when looking at groups of women who have different health behaviors in the years leading up to and during menopause (for example, smoking, alcohol use, BMI, and physical activity).