Research Led by Fellows - News Updates
Summaries of research led by DCEG fellows.
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Researchers Identify Rare Cancers Possibly Caused by Viruses
Investigators in the Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, led by Drs. Cameron Haas and Eric Engels, identified several rare cancers not known to be caused by a virus, for which people with a compromised immune system had a higher risk, providing strong evidence that these cancers could be caused by an infectious agent.
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Cancer Currents Blog Post on Anal Cancer Screening Features DCEG Researchers
An NCI Cancer Currents blog post on advances in anal cancer screening features DCEG researchers in the Infections and Immunoepidemiology and Clinical Genetics Branches.
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Cancer Treatment Disparities Persist for People with HIV
Using the NCI’s HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study data from 2001-2019, Jennifer McGee-Avila, postdoctoral fellow in the Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, finds that people with HIV are less likely to receive treatment for many different cancer types compared to people without HIV.
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Benefits of Reducing Smoking Quantified in Prospective Cohort Study
Reductions in cigarettes per day and the amount of time smoked were both associated with lower risk of lung cancer among men in the prospective cohort study, Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. Serial questionnaires collected every four months allowed for precision of estimates.
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Carcinogenic Industrial Air Pollution Emitted Inequitably Across the U.S.
African American, Hispanic, and Latino people, as well as individuals with limited education or experiencing poverty, reside in areas disproportionately affected by carcinogenic industrial emissions, a new study finds.
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Anal Cancer Risk and Survival in People with HIV
A series of studies using data from the HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study provide evidence to inform recommendations for anal cancer screening and emphasize the importance of early anal cancer detection and treatment among people with HIV. The papers were published by Drs. Haas and Shing, part of Dr. Shiels’s research group. The findings
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Poor Sleep Quality Associated with Increased Prostate Cancer Risk
Poor sleep quality, as measured by accelerometers, was associated with a 15-20% greater risk of prostate cancer in a study of over 30,000 men in the UK Biobank. Neither sleep duration nor sleep timing were associated with prostate cancer risk. These novel findings need to be replicated in future studies and in more diverse study populations.
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Differences in Knowledge of HPV and the HPV Vaccine by Education, Race, and Ethnicity
Ms. Erica Stephens and Dr. Jaimie Shing used data from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults to ascertain awareness of HPV and the HPV vaccine, as well as knowledge that HPV can cause cancers, by educational attainment, race, and ethnicity. They found profound disparities that signal the importance of continued education around HPV and the HPV vaccine.
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PFAS Levels and Kidney Cancer Risk in the Multiethnic Cohort Study
Using data from the Multiethnic Cohort Study, researchers in the Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch led the first study to explore the relationship between blood levels of PFAS and risk of kidney cancer in different racial and ethnic groups.
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Drug Overdose and Firearm Homicide Contributed Significantly to U.S. Mortality Rates from 1999-2020
Dr. Wayne Lawrence and colleagues found a rapid rise in death rates due to unintentional poisoning (drug overdoses) and firearm homicides in the U.S. from 1999-2020. Rates of death from external causes further accelerated in 2019 and 2020, after the onset of COVID-19.
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Disaggregating Data on Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Populations by Ethnicity Reveals Disparities in HPV-Associated Cancers
An analysis led by Drs. Jacqueline B. Vo in the Radiation Epidemiology branch and Jaimie Z. Shing in the Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch revealed disparities in incidence rates of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers in Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander populations when disaggregated by race and ethnicity.
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Exposure-Response Observed for Urine Glyphosate Concentrations, Markers of Oxidative Stress
Drs. Jonathan Hofmann and Vicky Chang, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, and colleagues, reported exposure-response relationships between urine glyphosate concentrations and increasing levels of two established urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress.
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Experiences of Discrimination Linked to Higher Mortality
In the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, a large multi-ethnic cohort with nearly two decades of follow-up, Dr. Wayne Lawrence and colleagues observed an association between discrimination and mortality across all racial/ethnic groups but strongest among Black participants.
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Increased Physical Activity Linked with Lower Hospitalization Risk for Common Conditions
In a study of 82,000 UK adults, Dr. Eleanor Watts in the Metabolic Epidemiology Branch observed that higher levels of physical activity were associated with a decreased risk of hospitalization from nine common conditions, including colon polyps and urinary tract infections.
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Black Women Have Highest Mortality Rate of Cervical Cancer Subtype Compared to All other Groups
Camyrn Cohen and colleagues found that, despite having the lowest incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma, Black women also experience the highest mortality rate of this cervical cancer subtype.
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Tobacco Smoke at Home Linked To Higher Mortality Across Diverse Group of Nonsmokers
Nonsmokers exposed daily to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) at home had higher mortality risks than those unexposed in a nationally representative study of the US population. These findings were observed across population subgroups of race and ethnicity, education, and household income, according to a study led by Dr. Daniela Gutiérrez in the Metabolic Epidemiology Branch.