Citations

Breast Cancer

Tobacman JK et al. Intra-abdominal carcinomatosis after prophylactic oophorectomy in ovarian-cancer-prone families. Lancet 1982.

Gail MH et al. Projecting individualized probabilities of developing breast cancer for white females who are being examined annually. J Natl Cancer Inst 1989.

Struewing JP et al. Prophylactic oophorectomy in inherited breast/ovarian cancer families. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1995.

Struewing  et al. The risk of cancer associated with specific mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 among Ashkenazi Jews. N Engl J Med 1997.

Kramer JL et al. Prophylactic oophorectomy reduces breast cancer penetrance during prospective, long-term follow-up of BRCA1 mutation carriers. J Clin Oncol 2005.

Garcia-Closas M et al. Established breast cancer risk factors by clinically important tumour characteristics. Br J Cancer 2006.

Yang XR et al. Differences in risk factors for breast cancer molecular subtypes in a population-based study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007.

Greene MH et al. A prospective study of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy and longitudinal CA-125 screening among women at increased genetic risk of ovarian cancer: design and baseline characteristics: A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008.

Garcia-Closas Met al. Heterogeneity of breast cancer associations with five susceptibility loci by clinical and pathological characteristics. PLoS Genet 2008.

Greene MH et al. Does bilateral salpingectomy with ovarian retention warrant consideration as a temporary bridge to risk-reducing bilateral oophorectomy in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011.

Contaminants in Drinking Water

Hoover RN, McKay FW, Fraumeni JF Jr. Fluoridated drinking water and the occurrence of cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1976.

Cantor KP, Hoover R, Hartge P, Mason TJ, Silverman DT, Altman R, Austin DF, Child MA, Key CR, Marrett LD, et al. Bladder cancer, drinking water source, and tap water consumption: A case-control study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1987.

Ward MH, Mark SD, Cantor KP, Weisenburger DD, Correa-Villaseñor A, Zahm SH. Drinking water nitrate and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Epidemiology 1996.

Ward MH, Pan WH, Cheng YJ, Li FH, Brinton LA, Chen CJ, Hsu MM, Chen IH, Levine PH, Yang CS, Hildesheim A. Dietary exposure to nitrosamines and risk of nasopharyngeal cancer in Taiwan. Int J Cancer 2000.

De Roos A, Ward MH, Lynch C, Cantor KP. Nitrate in public water supplies and risk of colon and rectum cancers. Epidemiology 2003.

Coss A, Cantor KP, Reif JS, Lynch CF, Ward MH. Pancreatic cancer and drinking water and dietary sources of nitrate and nitrite. Am J Epidemiol 2004.

Ward MH, Rusiecki J, Lynch CF, Cantor KP. Nitrate in public water supplies and risk of renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Causes Control 2007.

Diet/Cooking Methods/Supplements

Hoover RN, Strasser PH. Artificial sweeteners and human bladder cancer. Preliminary results. Lancet 1980.

Ziegler RG, Morris LE, Blot WJ, Pottern LM, Hoover R, Fraumeni JF Jr. Esophageal cancer among black men in Washington, D.C. II. Role of nutrition. J Natl Cancer Inst 1981.

Winn DM, Ziegler RG, Pickle LW, Gridley G, Blot WJ, Hoover RN. Diet in the etiology of oral and pharyngeal cancer among women from the southern United States. Cancer Res 1984.

Ziegler RG, Mason TJ, Stemhagen A, Hoover R, Schoenberg JB, Gridley G, Virgo PW, Fraumeni JF Jr. Carotenoid intake, vegetables, and the risk of lung cancer among white men in New Jersey. Am J Epidemiol 1986.

Blot WJ, Li JY, Taylor PR, Guo W, Dawsey S, Wang GQ, Yang CS, Zheng SF, Gail M, Li GY, Yu Y, Liu B-Q, Tangrea J, Sun Y-H, Liu F, Fraumeni JF Jr., Zhang Y-H, Li Bl.  Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993.

Sinha R, Rothman N, Brown ED, Mark SD, Hoover RN, Caporaso NE, Levander OA, Knize MG, Lang NP, Kadlubar FF. Pan-fried meat containing high levels of heterocyclic aromatic amines but low levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induces cytochrome P4501A2 activity in humans. Cancer Res 1994.

Sinha R, Rothman N, Brown ED, Salmon CP, Knize MG, Swanson CA, Rossi SC, Mark SD, Levander OA, Felton JS. High concentrations of the carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo- [4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) occur in chicken but are dependent on the cooking method.Cancer Res 1995.

Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Vieth R, Azad A, Pietinen P, Taylor PR, Virtamo J, Albanes D. A prospective nested case-control study of vitamin D status and pancreatic cancer risk in male smokers.Cancer Res 2006.

Freedman DM, Looker AC, Chang SC, Graubard BI. Prospective study of serum vitamin D and cancer mortality in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst 2007.

Freedman DM, Chang SC, Falk RT, Purdue MP, Huang WY, McCarty CA, Hollis BW, Graubard BI, Berg CD, Ziegler RG. Serum levels of vitamin D metabolites and breast cancer risk in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial.Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008.

Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Hayes RB, Horst RL, Anderson KE, Hollis BW, Silverman DT. Serum vitamin D and risk of pancreatic cancer in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian screening trial.Cancer Res 2009.

Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Jacobs EJ, Arslan AA, Qi D, Patel AV, Helzlsouer KJ, Weinstein SJ, McCullough ML, Purdue MP, Shu XO, Snyder K, Virtamo J, Wilkins LR, Yu K, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Zheng W, Albanes D, Cai Q, Harvey C, Hayes R, Clipp S, Horst RL, Irish L, Koenig K, Le Marchand L, Kolonel LN. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of pancreatic cancer: Cohort Consortium Vitamin D Pooling Project of Rarer Cancers. Am J Epidemiol 2010. 

Hereditary Syndromes

Li FP, Fraumeni JF Jr.Soft-tissue sarcomas, breast cancer, and other neoplasms. A familial syndrome? Ann Intern Med 1969.

Li FP, Fraumeni JF Jr. Prospective study of a family cancer syndrome. JAMA 1982.

Li FP, Fraumeni JF Jr, Mulvihill JJ, Blattner WA, Dreyfus MG, Tucker MA, Miller RW. A cancer family syndrome in twenty-four kindreds. Cancer Res 1988.

Kaiser-Kupfer MI, Freidlin V, Datiles MB, Edwards PA, Sherman JL, Parry D, McCain LM, Eldridge R. The association of posterior capsular lens opacities with bilateral acoustic neuromas in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2. Arch Ophthalmol 1989.

Malkin D, Li FP, Strong LC, Fraumeni JF Jr, Nelson CE, Kim DH, Kassel J, Gryka MA, Bischoff FZ, Tainsky MA, Friend SH. Germ line p53 mutations in a familial syndrome of breast cancer, sarcomas, and other neoplasms.Science 1990.

Gailani MR, Bale SJ, Leffell DJ, DiGiovanna JJ, Peck GL, Poliak S, Drum MA, Pastakia B, McBride OW, Kase R, Greene M, Mulvihill JJ, Bale AE. Developmental defects in Gorlin syndrome related to a putative tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 9. Cell 1992.

Rouleau GA, Merel P, Lutchman M, Sanson M, Zucman J, Marineau C, Hoang-Xuan K, Demczuk S, Desmaze C, Plougastel B, Pulst SM, Lenoir G, Bijlsma E, Fashold R, Dumanski J, de Jong P, Parry D, Eldrige R, Aurias A, Delattre O, Thomas G. Alteration in a new gene encoding a putative membrane-organizing protein causes neuro-fibromatosis type 2. Nature 1993.

Trofatter JA, MacCollin MM, Rutter JL, Murrell JR, Duyao MP, Parry DM, Eldridge R, Kley N, Menon AG, Pulaski K, Haase VH, Ambrose CA, Munroe D, Bove C, Haines JL, Martuza RL, MacDonald ME, Seizinger BR, Short MP, Buckler AJ, Gusella JF. A novel moesin-, ezrin-, radixin-like gene is a candidate for the neurofibromatosis 2 tumor suppressor. Cell 1993.

Hussussian CJ, Struewing JP, Goldstein AM, Higgins PA, Ally DS, Sheahan MD, Clark WH Jr, Tucker MA, Dracopoli NC. Germline p16 mutations in familial melanoma. Nat Genet 1994.

Parry DM, Eldridge R, Kaiser-Kupfer MI, Bouzas EA, Pikus A, Patronas N.Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2): Clinical characteristics of 63 affected individuals and clinical evidence for heterogeneity. Am J Med Genet 1994.

Zuo L, Weger J, Yang Q, Goldstein AM, Tucker MA, Walker GJ, Hayward N, Dracopoli NC. Germline mutations in the p16INK4a binding domain of CDK4 in familial melanoma. Nat Genet 1996.

Hahn H, Wicking C, Zaphiropoulous PG, Gailani MR, Shanley S, Chidambaram A, Vorechovsky I, Holmberg E, Unden AB, Gillies S, Negus K, Smyth I, Pressman C, Leffell DJ, Gerrard B, Goldstein AM, Dean M, Toftgard R, Chenevix-Trench G, Wainwright B, Bale AE. Mutations of the human homolog of Drosophila patched in the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. Cell 1996.

Ruttledge MH, Andermann AA, Phelan CM, Claudio JO, Han FY, Chretien N, Rangaratnam S, MacCollin M, Short P, Parry D, Michels V, Riccardi VM, Weksberg R, Kitamura K, Bradburn JM, Hall BD, Propping P, Rouleau GA. Type of mutation in the neurofibromatosis type 2 gene (NF2) frequently determines severity of disease. Am J Hum Genet 1996.

Parry DM, MacCollin MM, Kaiser-Kupfer MI, Pulaski K, Nicholson HS, Bolesta M, Eldridge R, Gusella JF. Germ-line mutations in the neurofibromatosis 2 gene: Correlations with disease severity and retinal abnormalities. Am J Hum Genet 1996.

Chidambaram A, Goldstein AM, Gailani MR, Gerrard B, Bale SJ, DiGiovanna JJ, Bale AE, Dean M. Mutations in the human homologue of the Drosophila patched gene in Caucasian and African-American nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome patients. Cancer Res 1996.

Lindor NM, Greene MH. The concise family handbook of family cancer syndromes. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998.

Taylor MD, Liu L, Raffel C, Hui CC, Mainprize TG, Zhang X, Agatep R, Chiappa S, Gao L, Lowrance A, Hao A, Goldstein AM, Stavrou T, Scherer SW, Dura WT, Wainwright B, Squire JA, Rutka JT, Hogg D. Mutations in SUFU predispose to medulloblastoma. Nat Genet 2002.

Alter BP, Baerlocher GM, Savage SA, Chanock SJ, Weksler BB, Willner JP, Peters JA, Giri N, Lansdorp PM. Very short telomere length by flow fluorescence in situ hybridization identifies patients with dyskeratosis congenita. Blood 2007.

Lindor NM, McMaster ML, Lindor CJ, Greene MH. Concise handbook of familial cancer susceptibility syndromes - second edition. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2008.

Savage SA, Giri N, Baerlocher GM, Orr N, Lansdorp PM, Alter BP. TINF2, a component of the shelterin telomere protection complex, is mutated in dyskeratosis congenita. Am J Hum Genet 2008.

Landgren O, Albitar M, Ma W, Abbasi F, Hayes RB, Ghia P, Marti GE, Caporaso NE. B-cell clones as early markers for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 2009.

Yang XR, Ng D, Alcorta DA, Liebsch NJ, Sheridan E, Li S, Goldstein AM, Parry DM, Kelley MJ. T (brachyury) gene duplication confers major susceptibility to familial chordoma. Nat Genet 2009 Nov;41(11):1176-8.

Goldin LR, Lanasa MC, Slager SL, Cerhan JR, Vachon CM, Strom SS, Camp NJ, Spector LG, Leis JF, Morrison VA, Glenn M, Rabe KG, Achenbach SJ, Algood SD, Abbasi F, Fontaine L, Yau M, Rassenti LZ, Kay NE, Call TG, Hanson CA, Weinberg JB, Marti GE, Caporaso NE. Common occurrence of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis among members of high-risk CLL families. Br J Haematol 2010.

Yokoyama S, Woods SL, Boyle GM, Aoude LG, MacGregor S, Zismann V, Gartside M, Cust AE, Haq R, Harland M, Taylor JC, Duffy DL, Holohan K, Dutton-Regester K, Palmer JM, Bonazzi V, Stark MS, Symmons J, Law MH, Schmidt C, Lanagan C, O'Connor L, Holland EA, Schmid H, Maskiell JA, Jetann J, Ferguson M, Jenkins MA, Kefford RF, Giles GG, Armstrong BK, Aitken JF, Hopper JL, Whiteman DC, Pharoah PD, Easton DF, Dunning AM, Newton-Bishop JA, Montgomery GW, Martin NG, Mann GJ, Bishop DT, Tsao H, Trent JM, Fisher DE, Hayward NK, Brown KM. A novel recurrent mutation in MITF predisposes to familial and sporadic melanoma. Nature 2011.

Indoor Air Pollution

Gao YT, Blot WJ, Zheng W, Ershow AG, Hsu CW, Levin LI, Zhang R, Fraumeni JF Jr. Lung cancer among Chinese women. Int J Cancer 1987.

Lan Q, Chapman RS, Schreinemachers DM, Tian L, He X. Household stove improvement and risk of lung cancer in Xuanwei, China. J Natl Cancer Inst 2002.

Lan Q, He X, Shen M, Tian L, Liu LZ, Lai H, Chen W, Berndt SI, Hosgood HD, Lee KM, Zheng T, Blair A, Chapman RS. Variation in lung cancer risk by smoky coal subtype in Xuanwei, China. Int J Cancer 2008.

Vermeulen R, Downward GS, Zhang J, Hu W...Lan Q. Constituents of household air pollution and risk of lung cancer among never-smoking women in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, China. Environ Health Perspect 2019. 

Infectious Agents

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Schiffman MH, Bauer HM, Hoover RN, Glass AG, Cadell DM, Rush BB, Scott DR, Sherman ME, Kurman RJ, Wacholder S, Stanton CK, Manos MM. Epidemiologic evidence showing that human papillomavirus infection causes most cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993.

Schiffman M, Castle PE, Jeronimo J, Rodriguez AC, Wacholder S. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. Lancet 2007.

Katki HA, Kinney WK, Fetterman B, Lorey T, Poitras NE, Cheung L, Demuth F, Schiffman M, Wacholder S, Castle PE. Cervical cancer risk for women undergoing concurrent testing for human papillomavirus and cervical cytology: A population-based study in routine clinical practice. Lancet Oncol 2011.

Kreimer AR, González P, Katki HA, Porras C, Schiffman M, Rodriguez AC, Solomon D, Jiménez S, Schiller JT, Lowy DR, van Doorn LJ, Struijk L, Quint W, Chen S, Wacholder S, Hildesheim A, Herrero R; CVT Vaccine Group. Efficacy of a bivalent HPV 16/18 vaccine against anal HPV 16/18 infection among young women: A nested analysis within the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial. Lancet Oncol 2011.

Kreimer AR, Rodriguez AC, Hildesheim A, Herrero R, Porras C, Schiffman M, González P, Solomon D, Jiménez S, Schiller JT, Lowy DR, Quint W, Sherman ME, Schussler J, Wacholder S; CVT Vaccine Group. Proof-of-principle evaluation of the efficacy of fewer than three doses of a bivalent HPV16/18 vaccine. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011.

Stier EA, Engels E, Horner MJ...Shiels M. Cervical cancer incidence stratified by age in women with HIV compared with the general population in the United States, 2002-2016. AIDS 2021.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Weiss SH, Goedert JJ, Sarngadharan MG, Bodner AJ, Gallo RC, Blattner WA. Screening test for HTLV-III (AIDS agent) antibodies. Specificity, sensitivity, and applications. JAMA 1985.

Goedert JJ, Biggar RJ, Melbye M, Mann DL, Wilson S, Gail MH, Grossman RJ, DiGioia RA, Sanchez WC, Weiss SH, Blattner WA. Effect of T4 count and cofactors on the incidence of AIDS in homosexual men infected with human immunodeficiency virus. JAMA 1987.

Weiss SH, Goedert JJ, Gartner S, Popovic M, Waters D, Markham P, di Marzo Veronese F, Gail MH, Barkley WE, Gibbons J, Gill FA, Leuther M, Shaw GM, Gallo RC, Blattner WA. Risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection among laboratory workers. Science 1988.

Goedert JJ, Kessler CM, Aledort LM, Biggar RJ, Andes WA, White GC 2nd, Drummond JE, Vaidya K, Mann DL, Eyster ME, Ragni MV, Lederman MM, Cohen AR, Bray GL, Rosenberg PS, Friedman RM, Hilgartner MW, Blattner WA, Kroner B, Gail MH. A prospective study of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and the development of AIDS in subjects with hemophilia. N Engl J Med 1989.

Rosenberg PS, Biggar RJ, Goedert JJ, Gail MH. Backcalculation of the number with human immunodeficiency virus infection in the United States. Am J Epidemiol 1991.

Ehmann WC, Eyster ME, Wilson SE, Andes WA, Goedert JJ. Relationship of CD4 lymphocyte counts to survival in a cohort of hemophiliacs infected with HIV. Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1994.

Rosenberg PS. Scope of the AIDS epidemic in the United States. Science 1995.

O'Brien TR, Blattner WA, Waters D, Eyster E, Hilgartner MW, Cohen AR, Luban N, Hatzakis A, Aledort LM, Rosenberg PS, Miley WJ, Kroner BL, Goedert JJ. Serum HIV-1 RNA levels and time to development of AIDS in the Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study. JAMA 1996.

Rosenberg PS, Biggar RJ. Trends in HIV incidence among young adults in the United States. JAMA 1998.  

Other Infectious Agents

Fraumeni JF Jr, Ederer F, Miller RW. An evaluation of the carcinogenicity of simian virus 40 in man. JAMA 1963.

Fraumeni JF Jr, Stark CR, Gold E, Lepow ML. Simian virus 40 in polio vaccine: follow-up of newborn recipients. Science 1970.

Mortimer EA Jr, Lepow ML, Gold E, Robbins FC, Burton GJ, Fraumeni JF Jr. Long-term follow-up of persons inadvertently inoculated with SV40 as neonates. N Engl J Med 1981.

Blattner WA, Kalyanaraman VS, Robert-Guroff M, Lister TA, Galton DA, Sarin PS, Crawford MH, Catovsky D, Greaves M, Gallo RC. The human type-C retrovirus, HTLV, in blacks from the Caribbean region, and relationship to adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Int J Cancer 1982.

Blayney DW, Jaffe ES, Blattner WA, Cossman J, Robert-Guroff M, Longo DL, Bunn PA Jr, Gallo RC. The human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus associated with American adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Blood 1983.

Rabkin CS, Schulz TF, Whitby D, Lennette ET, Magpantay LI, Chatlynne L, Biggar RJ. Interassay correlation of human herpesvirus 8 serologic tests. HHV-8 Interlaboratory Collaborative Group. J Infect Dis 1998.

You WC, Brown LM, Zhang L, Li JY, Jin ML, Chang YS, Ma JL, Pan KF, Liu WD, Hu Y, Crystal-Mansour S, Pee D, Blot WJ, Fraumeni JF Jr, Xu GW, Gail MH. Randomized double-blind factorial trial of three treatments to reduce the prevalence of precancerous gastric lesions. J Natl Cancer Inst 2006.

Zhang L, Gail MH, Wang YQ, Brown LM, Pan KF, Ma JL, Amagase H, You WC, Moslehi R. A randomized factorial study of the effects of long-term garlic and micronutrient supplementation and of 2-wk antibiotic treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection on serum cholesterol and lipoproteins. Am J Clin Nutr 2006.

Ma JL, Zhang L, Brown LM, Li JY, Shen L, Pan KF, Liu WD, Hu Y, Han ZX, Crystal-Mansour S, Pee D, Blot WJ, Fraumeni JF Jr, You WC, Gail MH. Fifteen-year effects of Helicobacter pylori, garlic, and vitamin treatments on gastric cancer incidence and mortality. J Natl Cancer Inst 2012. 

Li WQ, Ma JL, Zhang L, Brown LM, Li JY, Shen L, Pan KF, Liu WD, Hu Y, Han ZX, Crystal-Mansour S, Pee D, Blot WJ, Fraumeni JF Jr, You WC, Gail MH. Effects of Helicobacter pylori treatment on gastric cancer incidence and mortality in subgroups. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014.

Melanoma

Reimer RR, Clark WH Jr, Greene MH, Ainsworth AM, Fraumeni JF Jr. Precursor lesions in familial melanoma. A new genetic preneoplastic syndrome. JAMA 1978.

Greene MH, Clark WH Jr, Tucker MA, Elder DE, Kraemer KH, Guerry D 4th, Witmer WK, Thompson J, Matozzo I, Fraser MC. Acquired precursors of cutaneous malignant melanoma. The familial dysplastic nevus syndrome. N Engl J Med 1985.

Greene MH, Clark WH Jr, Tucker MA, Kraemer KH, Elder DE, Fraser MC. High risk of malignant melanoma in melanoma-prone families with dysplastic nevi. Ann Intern Med 1985.

Tucker MA, Halpern A, Holly EA, Hartge P, Elder DE, Sagebiel RW, Guerry D 4th, Clark WH Jr. Clinically recognized dysplastic nevi. A central risk factor for cutaneous melanoma.  JAMA 1997.

Tucker MA, Fraser MC, Goldstein AM, Struewing JP, King MA, Crawford JT, Chiazze EA, Zametkin DP, Fontaine LS, Clark WH Jr. A natural history of melanomas and dysplastic nevi: an atlas of lesions in melanoma-prone families. Cancer 2002.

Fears TR, Guerry D 4th, Pfeiffer RM, Sagebiel RW, Elder DE, Halpern A, Holly EA, Hartge P, Tucker MA. Identifying individuals at high risk of melanoma: A practical predictor of absolute risk. J Clin Oncol 2006.

Occupation

Lee AM, Fraumeni JF Jr. Arsenic and respiratory cancer in man: an occupational study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1969.

Blot WJ, Fraumeni JF Jr. Arsenical air pollution and lung cancer. Lancet 1975.

Brinton LA, Blot WJ, Stone BJ, Fraumeni JF Jr. A death certificate analysis of nasal cancer among furniture workers in North Carolina.Cancer Res 1977.

Silverman DT, Hoover RN, Albert S, Graff KM. Occupation and cancer of the lower urinary tract in Detroit. J Natl Cancer Inst 1983.

Brinton LA, Blot WJ, Becker JA, Winn DM, Browder JP, Farmer JC Jr, Fraumeni JF Jr. A case-control study of cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Am J Epidemiol 1984.

Blair A, Stewart P, O'Berg M, Gaffey W, Walrath J, Ward J, Bales R, Kaplan S, Cubit D. Mortality among industrial workers exposed to formaldehyde. J Natl Cancer Inst 1986.

Hoar SK, Blair A, Holmes FF, Boysen CD, Robel RJ, Hoover R, Fraumeni JF Jr. Agricultural herbicide use and risk of lymphoma and soft-tissue sarcoma. JAMA 1986.

Hayes RB, Sheffet A, Spirtas R. Cancer mortality among a cohort of chromium pigment workers. Am J Ind Med 1989.

Chen SY, Hayes RB, Wang JM, Liang SR, Blair A. Nonmalignant respiratory disease among hematite mine workers in China. Scand J Work Environ Health 1989.

Chen SY, Hayes RB, Liang SR, Li QG, Stewart PA, Blair A. Mortality experience of haematite mine workers in China. Br J Ind Med 1990.

Blair A, Stewart PA, Tolbert PE, Grauman D, Moran FX, Vaught J, Rayner J. Cancer and other causes of death among a cohort of dry cleaners. Br J Ind Med 1990.

Brown LM, Blair A, Gibson R, Everett GD, Cantor KP, Schuman LM, Burmeister LF, Van Lier SF, Dick F. Pesticide exposures and other agricultural risks factors for leukemia among men in Iowa and Minnesota. Cancer Res 1990.

Amandus HE, Shy C, Wing S, Blair A, Heineman EF. Silicosis and lung cancer in North Carolina dusty trades workers. Am J Ind Med 1991.

Cantor KP, Blair A, Everett G, Gibson R, Burmeister LF, Brown LM, Schuman L, Dick FR. Pesticides and other agricultural risk factors for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among men in Iowa and Minnesota. Cancer Res 1992.

Chen J, McLaughlin JK, Zhang JY, Stone BJ, Luo J, Chen RA, Dosemeci M, Rexing SH, Wu Z, Hearl FJ, McCawley MA, Blot WJ. Mortality among dust-exposed Chinese mine and pottery workers. J Occup Med 1992.

Brown LM, Burmeister LF, Everett GD, Blair A. Pesticide exposures and multiple myeloma in Iowa men. Cancer Causes Control 1993.

Pesatori AC, Sontag JM, Lubin JH, Consonni D, Blair A. Cohort mortality and nested case-control study of lung cancer among structural pest control workers in Florida (United States). Cancer Causes Control 1994.

Amandus HE, Shy C, Castellan RM, Blair A, Heineman EF. Silicosis and lung cancer among workers in North Carolina dusty trades. Scand J Work Environ Health 1995.

Blair A, Hartge P, Stewart PA, McAdams M, Lubin J. Mortality and cancer incidence of aircraft maintenance workers exposed to trichloroethylene and other organic solvents and chemicals: Extended follow-up. Occup Environ Med 1998.

Blair A, Stewart PA, Zaebst DD, Pottern L, Zey JN, Bloom TF, Miller B, Ward E, Lubin J. Mortality of industrial workers exposed to acrylonitrile. Scand J Work Environ Health 1998.

Stewart PA, Zaebst D, Zey JN, Herrick R, Dosemeci M, Hornung R, Bloom T, Pottern L, Miller BA, Blair A. Exposure assessment for a study of workers exposed to acrylonitrile. Scand J Work Environ Health 1998.

Hauptmann M, Lubin JH, Stewart PA, Hayes RB, Blair A. Mortality from lymphohematopoietic malignancies among workers in formaldehyde industries. J Natl Cancer Inst 2003.

Hauptmann M, Lubin JH, Stewart PA, Hayes RB, Blair A. Mortality from solid cancers among workers in formaldehyde industries. Am J Epidemiol 2004.

Lan Q, Zhang L, Li G, Vermeulen R, Weinberg RS, Dosemeci M, Rappaport SM, Shen M, Alter BP, Wu Y, Kopp W, Waidyanatha S, Rabkin C, Guo W, Chanock S, Hayes RB, Linet M, Kim S, Yin S, Rothman N, Smith MT. Hematotoxicity in workers exposed to low levels of benzene. Science 2004. 

Radican L, Blair A, Stewart P, Warenberg D. Mortality of aircraft maintenance workers exposed to trichloroethylene and other hydrocarbons and chemicals: extended follow-up. J Occup Environ Med 2008.

Beane Freeman LE, Blair A, Lubin JH, Stewart PA, Hayes RB, Hoover RN, Hauptmann M. Mortality from lymphohematopoietic malignancies among workers in formaldehyde industries: The National Cancer Institute Cohort. J Natl Cancer Inst 2009.

Hauptmann M, Stewart PA, Lubin JH, Beane Freeman LE, Hornung RW, Herrick RF, Hoover RN, Fraumeni JF Jr, Blair A, Hayes RB. Mortality from lymphohematopoietic malignancies and brain cancer among embalmers exposed to formaldehyde. J Natl Cancer Inst 2009.

Lan Q, Zhang L, Tang X, Shen M, Smith MT, Qiu C, Ge Y, Ji Z, Xiong J, He J, Reiss B, Hao Z, Liu S, Xie Y, Guo W, Purdue MP, Galvan N, Xin KX, Hu W, Beane Freeman LE, Blair AE, Li L, Rothman N, Vermeulen R, Huang H. Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene is associated with a decline in lymphocyte subsets and soluble CD27 and CD30 markers. Carcinogenesis 2010.

Moore LE, Boffetta P, Stewart T, Brennan P, Hung, RJ, Karami S, Boffetta P, Toro J, Zaridze D, Janout V, Bencko V,  Foretova L, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Mates D, Mukeria A, Holcatova I, Welch R, Chanock S, Chow W-H, Rothman N. Occupational trichloroethylene exposure and renal carcinoma risk: evidence of genetic susceptibility by reductive metabolism gene variants. Cancer Res 2010.

Freeman LE, Rusiecki JA, Hoppin JA, Lubin JH, Koutros S, Andreotti G, Zahm SH, Hines CJ, Coble JB, Barone-Adesi F, Sloan J, Sandler DP, Blair A, Alavanja MC. Atrazine and cancer incidence among pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study (1994-2007). Environ Health Perspect 2011.

Hosgood HD 3rd, Zhang L, Tang X, Vermeulen R, Qiu C, Shen M, Smith MT, Ge Y, Ji Z, Xiong J, He J, Reiss B, Liu S, Xie Y, Guo W, Galvan N, Li L, Hao Z, Rothman N, Huang H, Lan Q. Decreased numbers of CD4(+) naive and effector memory T cells, and CD8(+) naïve T cells, are associated with trichloroethylene exposure. Front Oncol 2011;1:53.

Silverman DT, Samanic CM, Lubin JH, Blair AE, Stewart PA, Vermeulen R, Coble JB, Rothman N, Schleiff PL, Travis WD, Ziegler RG, Wacholder S, Attfield MD. The Diesel Exhaust in Miners study: A nested case-control study of lung cancer and diesel exhaust. J Natl Cancer Inst 2012 Jun 6;104(11):855-68. Epub 2012 Mar 5.

Vermeulen R, Zhang L, Spierenburg A, Tang X, Bonventre JV, Reiss B, Shen M, Smith MT, Qiu C, Ge Y, Ji Z, Xiong J, He J, Hao Z, Liu S, Xie Y, Yue F, Guo W, Purdue M, Beane Freeman LE, Sabbisetti V, Li L, Huang H, Rothman N, Lan Q. Elevated urinary levels of kidney injury molecule-1 among Chinese factory workers exposed to trichloroethylene. Carcinogenesis 2012 Aug;33(8):1538-41.

Alavanja MC et al. Non-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study. PLoS One 2014 Oct 22;9(10):e109332. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109332.

Jones RR et al. Incidence of solid tumours among pesticide applicators exposed to the organophosphate insecticide diazinon in the Agricultural Health Study: an updated analysis. Occup Environ Med 2015 Jul;72(7):496-503

Physical Activity

Albanes D, Blair A, Taylor PR. Physical activity and risk of cancer in the NHANES I population. Am J Public Health 1989.

Chow WH, Dosemeci M, Zheng W, Vetter R, McLaughlin JK, Gao YT, Blot WJ. Physical activity and occupational risk of colon cancer in Shanghai, China. Int J Epidemiol 1993.

Dosemeci M, Hayes RB, Vetter R, Hoover RN, Tucker M, Engin K, Unsal M, Blair A. Occupational physical activity, socioeconomic status, and risks of 15 cancer sites in Turkey. Cancer Causes Control 1993.

Sturgeon SR, Brinton LA, Berman ML, Mortel R, Twiggs LB, Barrett RJ, Wilbanks GD. Past and present physical activity and endometrial cancer risk. Br J Cancer 1993.

Zheng W, Shu XO, McLaughlin JK, Chow WH, Gao YT, Blot WJ. Occupational physical activity and the incidence of cancer of the breast, corpus uteri, and ovary in Shanghai. Cancer 1993.

Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices

Hormone-related Therapy

Hoover R, Gray LA Sr, Cole P, MacMahon B. Menopausal estrogens and breast cancer. N Engl J Med 1976.

Schairer C, Lubin J, Troisi R, Sturgeon S, Brinton L, Hoover R. Estrogen-progestin replacement and risk of breast cancer. JAMA 2000.

Hatch EE, Palmer JR, Titus-Ernstoff L, Noller KL, Kaufman RH, Mittendorf R, Robboy SJ, Hyer M, Cowan CM, Adam E, Colton T, Hartge P, Hoover RN. Cancer risk in women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero.JAMA 1998.

Titus-Ernstoff L, Hatch EE, Hoover RN, Palmer J, Greenberg ER, Ricker W, Kaufman R, Noller K, Herbst AL, Colton T, Hartge P. Long-term cancer risk in women given diethylstilbestrol (DES) during pregnancy. Br J Cancer 2001.

Hatch EE, Herbst AL, Hoover RN, Noller KL, Adam E, Kaufman RH, Palmer JR, Titus-Ernstoff L, Hyer M, Hartge P, Robboy SJ.Incidence of squamous neoplasia of the cervix and vagina in women exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol (United States).Cancer Causes Control 2001.

Troisi R, Hatch EE, Titus-Ernstoff L, Hyer M, Palmer JR, Robboy SJ, Strohsnitter WC, Kaufman R, Herbst AL, Hoover RN. Cancer risk in women prenatally exposed to diethylstilbestrol. Int J Cancer 2007.

Troisi R, Titus-Ernstoff L, Hyer M, Hatch EE, Robboy SJ, Strohsnitter W, Palmer JR, Øglaend B, Adam E, Kaufman R, Herbst AL, Hoover RN. Preeclampsia risk in women exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol. Obstet Gynecol 2007.

Titus-Ernstoff L, Troisi R, Hatch EE, Palmer JR, Hyer M, Kaufman R, Adam E, Noller K, Hoover RN. Birth defects in the sons and daughters of women who were exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol (DES). Int J Androl 2010.

Hatch EE, Troisi R, Wise LA, Titus-Ernstoff L, Hyer M, Palmer JR, Strohsnitter WC, Robboy SJ, Anderson D, Kaufman R, Adam E, Hoover RN. Preterm birth, fetal growth, and age at menarche among women exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol (DES). Reprod Toxicol 2011.

Hoover RN, Hyer M, Pfeiffer RM, Adam E, Bond B, Cheville AL, Colton T, Hartge P, Hatch EE, Herbst AL, Karlan BY, Kaufman R, Noller KL, Palmer JR, Robboy SJ, Saal RC, Strohsnitter W, Titus-Ernstoff L, Troisi R.Adverse health outcomes in women exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol. N Engl J Med 2011.

Brinton LA, Lamb EJ, Moghissi KS, Scoccia B, Althuis MD, Mabie JE, Westhoff CL. Ovarian cancer risk after the use of ovulation-stimulating drugs.Obstet Gynecol 2004.

Brinton LA, Scoccia B, Moghissi KS, Westhoff CL, Althuis MD, Mabie JE, Lamb EJ. Breast cancer risk associated with ovulation-stimulating drugs. Hum Reprod 2004.

Treatment-related Therapy

Hoover R, Fraumeni JF Jr. Risk of cancer in renal-transplant recipients. Lancet 1973.

Greene MH, Boice JD Jr, Greer BE, Blessing JA, Dembo AJ. Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia after therapy with alkylating agents for ovarian cancer: A study of five randomized clinical trials. N Engl J Med 1982.

Tucker MA, Meadows AT, Boice JD Jr, Stovall M, Oberlin O, Stone BJ, Birch J, Voûte PA, Hoover RN, Fraumeni JF Jr. Leukemia after therapy with alkylating agents for childhood cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1987.

Shu XO, Gao YT, Linet MS, Brinton LA, Gao RN, Jin F, Fraumeni JF Jr. Chloramphenicol use and childhood leukaemia in Shanghai. Lancet 1987.

Curtis RE, Boice JD Jr, Stovall M, Bernstein L, Greenberg RS, Flannery JT, Schwartz AG, Weyer P, Moloney WC, Hoover RN. Risk of leukemia after chemotherapy and radiation treatment for breast cancer. N Engl J Med 1992.

Medical Devices

Brinton LA, Buckley LM, Dvorkina O, Lubin JH, Colton T, Murray MC, Hoover R. Risk of connective tissue disorders among breast implant patients. Am J Epidemiol 2004.

Brinton LA, Lubin JH, Murray MC, Colton T, Hoover RN. Mortality rates among augmentation mammoplasty patients: An update. Epidemiology 2006.

Radiation (ionizing and non-ionizing)

Medical Radiation from Therapeutic and Diagnostic Procedures

Tucker MA, D'Angio GJ, Boice JD Jr, Strong LC, Li FP, Stovall M, Stone BJ, Green DM, Lombardi F, Newton W, Hoover R, Fraumeni JF JR, and for the Late Effects Study Group. Bone sarcomas linked to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in children. N Engl J Med 1987.

Tucker MA, Coleman CN, Cox RS, Varghese A, Rosenberg SA. Risk of second cancers after treatment for Hodgkin's disease. N Engl J Med 1988.

Tucker MA, Jones PH, Boice JD Jr, Robison LL, Stone BJ, Stovall M, Jenkin RD, Lubin JH, Baum ES, Siegel SE, Meadows AT, Hoover RN, Fraumeni JF Jr, and for the Late Effects Study Group. Therapeutic radiation at a young age is linked to secondary thyroid cancer. The Late Effects Study Group. Cancer Res 1991.

Curtis RE, Rowlings PA, Deeg HJ, Shriner DA, Socíe G, Travis LB, Horowitz MM, Witherspoon RP, Hoover RN, Sobocinski KA, Fraumeni JF Jr, Boice JD Jr. Solid cancers after bone marrow transplantation. N Engl J Med 1997.

Socié G, Curtis RE, Deeg HJ, Sobocinski KA, Filipovich AH, Travis LB, Sullivan KM, Rowlings PA, Kingma DW, Banks PM, Travis WD, Witherspoon RP, Sanders J, Jaffe ES, Horowitz MM. New malignant diseases after allogeneic marrow transplantation for childhood acute leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2000.

National Cancer Institute and Society for Pediatric Radiology. Radiation Risk and Pediatric Computed Tomography: A Guide for Health Care Providers. 2002, 2009.

Travis LB, Gospodarowicz M, Curtis RE, Clarke EA, Andersson M, Glimelius B, Joensuu T, Lynch CF, van Leeuwen FE, Holowaty E, Storm H, Glimelius I, Pukkala E, Stovall M, Fraumeni JF Jr, Boice JD Jr, Gilbert E. Lung cancer following chemotherapy and radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. J Natl Cancer Inst 2002.

Travis LB, Hill DA, Dores GM, Gospodarowicz M, van Leeuwen FE, Holowaty E, Glimelius B, Andersson M, Wiklund T, Lynch CF, Van't Veer MB, Glimelius I, Storm H, Pukkala E, Stovall M, Curtis R, Boice JD Jr, Gilbert E. Breast cancer following radiotherapy and chemotherapy among young women with Hodgkin disease. JAMA 2003.

Kleinerman RA, Tucker MA, Tarone RE, Abramson DH, Seddon JM, Stovall M, Li FP, Fraumeni JF Jr. Risk of new cancers after radiotherapy in long-term survivors of retinoblastoma: An extended follow-up. J Clin Oncol 2005.

Berrington de González A, Mahesh M, Kim KP, Bhargavan M, Lewis R, Mettler F, Land C. Projected cancer risks from computed tomographic scans performed in the United States in 2007. Arch Intern Med 2009.

Rizzo JD, Curtis RE, Socié G, Sobocinski KA, Gilbert E, Landgren O, Travis LB, Travis WD, Flowers ME, Friedman DL, Horowitz MM, Wingard JR, Deeg HJ. Solid cancers after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood 2009.

Pearce MS, Salotti JA, Little MP, McHugh K, Lee C, Kim KP, Howe NL, Ronckers CM, Rajaraman P, Sir Craft AW, Parker L, de González AB. Radiation exposure from CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia and brain tumours: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2012.

Radioactive Fallout or Environmental Contamination from Nuclear Weapons

National Institutes of Health. Report of the National Institutes of Health Ad Hoc Working Group to Develop Radioepidemiological Tables (pdf). National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 1985, NIH Publication No. 85-2748.

Ron E, Preston DL, Mabuchi K, Thompson DE, Soda M. Cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors. Part IV: Comparison of cancer incidence and mortality. Radiat Res 1994.

Land CE. Studies of cancer and radiation dose among atomic bomb survivors. The example of breast cancer. JAMA 1995.

Ron E, Lubin JH, Shore RE, Mabuchi K, Modan B, Pottern LM, Schneider AB, Tucker MA, Boice JD Jr. Thyroid cancer after exposure to external radiation: A pooled analysis of seven studies. Radiat Res 1995.

Land CE, Saku T, Hayashi Y, Takahara O, Matsuura H, Tokuoka S, Tokunaga M, Mabuchi K. Incidence of salivary gland tumors among atomic bomb survivors, 1950-1987. Evaluation of radiation-related risk. Radiat Res 1996.

National Cancer Institute. Estimated Exposure and Thyroid Doses Received by the American People from Iodine-131 Fallout Following Nevada Atmospheric Nuclear Bomb Tests. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 1997.

Gilbert ES, Tarone R, Bouville A, Ron E. Thyroid cancer rates and 131I doses from Nevada atmospheric nuclear bomb tests. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998.

Ron E, Doody MM, Becker DV, Brill AB, Curtis RE, Goldman MB, Harris BS 3rd, Hoffman DA, McConahey WM, Maxon HR, Preston-Martin S, Warshauer ME, Wong FL, Boice JD Jr. Cancer mortality following treatment for adult hyperthyroidism. Cooperative Thyrotoxicosis Therapy Follow-up Study Group. JAMA 1998.

Land CE, Tokunaga M, Koyama K, Soda M, Preston DL, Nishimori I, Tokuoka S. Incidence of female breast cancer among atomic bomb survivors, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1950-1990. Radiat Res 2003.

National Institutes of Health. Report of the NCI-CDC Working Group to revise the 1985 NIH Radioepidemiological Tables (pdf). Washington, DC, 2003, NIH Publication No. 03-5387.

Kocher DC, Apostoaei AI, Henshaw RW, Hoffman FO, Schubauer-Berigan MK, Stancescu DO, Thomas BA, Trabalka JR, Gilbert ES, Land CE. Interactive RadioEpidemiological Program (IREP): A web-based tool for estimating probability of causation/assigned share of radiogenic cancers. Health Phys 2008.

Naturally-occurring Radiation

Qiao YL, Taylor PR, Yao SX, Schatzkin A, Mao BL, Lubin J, Rao JY, McAdams M, Xuan XZ, Li JY. Relation of radon exposure and tobacco use to lung cancer among tin miners in Yunnan Province, China. Am J Ind Med 1989.

Lubin JH, Qiao YL, Taylor PR, Yao SX, Schatzkin A, Mao BL, Rao JY, Xuan XZ, Li JY. Quantitative evaluation of the radon and lung cancer association in a case control study of Chinese tin miners. Cancer Res 1990.

Alavanja MC, Brownson RC, Lubin JH, Berger E, Chang J, Boice JD Jr. Residential radon exposure and lung cancer among nonsmoking women. J Natl Cancer Inst 1994.

Lubin JH, Boice JD Jr. Lung cancer risk from residential radon: meta-analysis of eight epidemiologic studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997.

Lubin JH. The influence of residential radon exposure on the estimation of exposure-response trends for lung cancer in underground miners exposed to radon. Radiat Res 1998.

Alavanja MC, Lubin JH, Mahaffey JA, Brownson RC. Residential radon exposure and risk of lung cancer in Missouri. Am J Public Health 1999.

Wang Z, Lubin JH, Wang L, Zhang S, Boice JD Jr, Cui H, Zhang S, Conrath S, Xia Y, Shang B, Brenner A, Lei S, Metayer C, Cao J, Chen KW, Lei S, Kleinerman RA. Residential radon and lung cancer risk in a high-exposure area of Gansu Province, China. Am J Epidemiol 2002.

Lubin JH, Wang ZY, Boice JD Jr, Xu ZY, Blot WJ, De Wang L, Kleinerman RA. Risk of lung cancer and residential radon in China: pooled results of two studies. Int J Cancer 2004.

Ultraviolet Radiation

Scotto J, Fears TR, Gori GB. Measurements of Ultraviolet Radiation in the United States and Comparisons with Skin Cancer Data. DHEW Publ. No. (NIH) 76-1029, Bethesda, MD, National Cancer Institute, 1975.

Fears TR, Scotto J, Schneiderman MA. Skin cancer, melanoma, and sunlight. Am J Public Health 1976.

Fears TR, Scotto J, Schneiderman MA. Mathematical models of age and ultraviolet effects on the incidence of skin cancer among whites in the United States. Am J Epidemiol 1977.

Scotto J, Fears TR, Fraumeni JF. Incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer in the United States 1981. DHHS Publ. No. (NIH) 82-2433, Bethesda, MD, 1981.

Fears TR, Scotto J.Estimating increases in skin cancer morbidity due to increases in ultraviolet radiation exposure. Cancer Invest 1983.

Electromagnetic Fields

Linet MS, Hatch EE, Kleinerman RA, Robison LL, Kaune WT, Friedman DR, Severson RK, Haines CM, Hartsock CT, Niwa S, Wacholder S, Tarone RE. Residential exposure to magnetic fields and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. N Engl J Med 1997.

Inskip PD, Tarone RE, Hatch EE, Wilcosky TC, Shapiro WR, Selker RG, Fine HA, Black PM, Loeffler JS, Linet MS. Cellular-telephone use and brain tumors. N Engl J Med 2001.

Smokeless Tobacco

Winn DM, Blot WJ, Shy CM, Pickle LW, Toledo A, Fraumeni JF Jr. Snuff dipping and oral cancer among women in the southern United States. N Engl J Med 1981.